Muslims declining in IAS and IPS Services

This information was found in the 8th std CBSE Social Science text book. This book also tells that the socio economic development hasn’t reached the Muslims yet.

Among the Indian population, though the Muslim strength is reasonable there are only 3% of IAS officers, 4% of IPS officers and 1.8 % of IFS officers from Muslim community.

Including the Reserve Bank there are only 2.2% of Muslims working in all the banks of India. 55.2% of Hindus live in rental houses. 63.6% of Muslims live in rental houses. Only 30% of Muslims receive electricity facility.43.2% of Hindus get this facility.

According to the 2001 census 65% of Indians are literates. In Muslims this ratio is 59%. In India 94% of Jains, 80% of Christians, 73% of Buddhist, 70% of Hindus have obtained education.

Study Abroad - Australia

The Australian Universities stay ahead in attracting good eligible students from various countries. Australia is a haven to excellent studies, as its studies is recognized around the world, cultural changes comprising of various Art departments and due to the flamboyant Australian lifestyle. Therefore, there is an increase in the number of foreign students day by day.

The students studying here form to be a vital part for the future needs of the society by newer methodology of studies, excellent faculties and due to the exceptional world standard infrastructures for education. With the intention of providing an excellent education in Australia, the govt., provides financial assistance and other support to a large extent. Hence, studying in Australia is less expensive than studying in countries like Britain and America.

In Australia, there are 39 Universities. Out of these, 37 Universities are financially aided by the govt., and 2 Universities are self- financed. Approximately there are nearly 3000 to 50000 students studying in each University. Degree, Certificate and Ph.d courses are offered here. There is opportunity to study in more than one degree at the same time.

The specialized feature of Australian education is, education in collaboration with the organizations from other countries and the research methodologies. In Australia there are more than 100 Research centers and as a result Australia stands first in the field of research.

Australia leads in the fields of Conventional studies, Bio-Technology, Nano- Technology and various fields related to sports. As they approach sports in a scientific way, they are the world champions for many years in games like cricket. Australia has introduced new studies in conventional and unconventional fields.

Few important Universities and Courses:
Australian Universities provides few courses on Environment. Tasmania University provides researches related on Antarctica.

Macquarie University through the researches on protein element has provided the means of controlling Cancer diseases. This University offers studies on Bio- Technology, Bio- Informatics and Genetical studies.

South Queens land University offers special courses on commercializing plants and its related products. It’s noteworthy that studies like this are available only in Australian Universities.

Swinburne University of Technology excels in designing super computers with the assistance of Astrophysics. This University has contributed vastly in the making of “Milli- Second Pulsar” by the Australian scientist.

Victoria University of Technology offers courses on Fire Safety and Environmental Engineering. As per the recommendations of this University, Fire resistant building models are built all over the world these days.

University of South Australia offers special MBA courses for Engineers and Scientist. Most of the Universities that offer professional Management studies are in Australia only.

Other Important Universities in Australia are:

• Australian Graduate School of Management
• Graduate School of Management
• Monash Mount Elisa Business School
• Melbourne Business School
• Australian National University
• University of Canberra
• University of Tasmania
• University of Wollongong  
• University of Queensand

Australian University offers distance education for students who are far away from the cities. Australian Universities manage E- learning and On-line education effectively. As a result, Foreign students are able to get good education through On-line.

In Australia, there are 55 Universities that offers MBA studies. Students can complete MBA in 16 weeks to 2 years.  It gives opportunity to complete the course in 16 months for those who are unable to spend for 2 years education. It is possible to change universities and study under a provision called ‘campus’.

The expenses for Australian education are comparatively lesser than expenses incurred in other countries. 


Australian Education Information Centers in India:

I.D.P is a private body that helps Indian students to study in Australia. It has its offices in Delhi, Chennai, Mumbai, Chandigar, Bangalore, Ahmedabad and Hyderabad.


It helps us in the following ways

Information on all the Universities, Admission Date, Admission Procedure, Scholarships, Information on Bank loans and ways to obtain it, Counselling for students and parents, Application procedures and payment of fees, Boarding facilities and Air travel are available on internet address http://www.idp.com/india there is no payments for this.

Study Abroad - Britain

United Kingdom, which is also called as Britain, Comprises of England, Scotland, Wales and North Ireland. Studying in Britain, which is otherwise called as Great Britain, is a desire and an ambition to many students of other countries. It is possible to get informations regarding education in Britain at the British embassy in India on the choice of Educational institution, Branches of studies and Boarding facilities. Education given in Britain is divided in to 2 divisions. It is known that education in England, Wales and North Ireland are grouped as one division and the education given in Scotland as another division. All the education in Britain is of excellent quality, and gives lot of opportunity to carry out research. This is the reason that Britain is a dream to students from other countries.

Some Special Features:

• Along with the Universities that provide education, Institutions of certificate standards works to determine the student’s standard.
• The Entire world has accepted the education given to students between the age of 16 to 18.
• As the courses offered here are designed, keeping in view of the day-to –day work environment, the students studying here get good jobs at world level and they make good progress in life.
• As the education given here are flexible, the students are able to study well even though they had a different type of education.
• Generally in each class as the students strength is less, there is a sincere relationship between the students.
• Anybody who has completed 15 years of education can directly join PG degree courses.
• While studying, it is possible to work during leisure time in Britain.
• The students who have completed education in Britain are accepted and respected at the world level.

Overview of Studies:

In Britain there are Degree courses and Post Graduate Degree courses. Professional / Technology related studies are provided as degree courses. Generally they do not provide certificate courses. Taking into the account of the day-to-day incidence or happenings around the world the syllabus is changed periodically. 

At the degree level B.A., B. Ed., B.E., B.Sc., studies are provided. In this higher degree courses are also offered. As the higher degree courses are of excellent standard and those completing it successfully become highly skilled persons or individuals. The duration of the higher education course is 1 year.

The research studies like M.Phil., M.Research are of the duration 1 to 3 years.

They have doctoral studies like Ph.D., D.Phil., The duration of these courses are also 3 years.

MBA studies in Britain are renowned all over the world. Various branches starting from, imparting basic administrative skills, Banking, Constructions, Energy, Health Management, Tourism, Transport, Technology can be studied here. These courses could be studied through distance education and the duration of the course is 1 year.

The Britain’s Oxford and Cambridge Universities are known to be the world famous Universities. As there is lot of information coming in the media about these Universities, we will see other Universities apart from these. Cardiff University www.cardiff.ac.uk was started in the year 1883 and is situated at Kathie’s park in Wales. At the moment there are 30, 685 students studying in the University. There are 28 schools, 4-degree colleges functioning under this University. It has been restructured into 2 colleges for Administrative purposes.

This University provides excellent education and research using latest techniques. There are many diverse studies here like Human Resources, Information Technology, Professional Studies and studies, which needs to be studied all throughout the life. There are many special features about this University like students studying from all over the world, Talented Teachers, an elegant campus situated in the heart of the city surrounded by natures serene beauty and educational methods with new dimensions.

Some Special Features:

·         Out of the students studying here 17% are from other countries.

·         The rate of the pass percentage is high.

·         More than 20% pursue higher degree courses here itself, out of the students completing degree courses.

·         This University is a member of Britain’s famous Russell groups.

·         The students joining first year are provided positively with Hostel facility.

·         Education through latest technology.

·         Certain job opportunities since they have a good tie-up with corporate organization.

·         Easy to get individual attention from the teacher as student, teacher ratio is less. Hence the quality of the education is good.

·         The distance between the hostel and the classes is walkable is an other speciality.

·         90% of the student who are study here get job opportunities or go for higher studies.

Cardiff Studies:

This University offers many studies at various levels like Architecture, Bio – Science, Technological Science, Chemistry, Urban Development, Computer Science, Dental, Engineering, English, European studies, Health Science, History, Archeological Research, Journalism, Law, Math’s, Life Science, Production, Music, Nursing. Optometry, Pharmacy, Physics, Astrology, Medicine, Psychology and studies related to religion.

Kingston University:

www.kingston.ac.uk

Kingston University is located at Kingston, a small town close to the river Thames and at a distance of 25 minutes drive from London. Reaching Heathrow airport and Cadwick airport is very easy from here. The important objective of the University is to uplift the standard of education by participating in higher education. Apart from this, the University works outstandingly to make direct dealings between education and the trading world. It offers fundamental education, degree courses, post graduate courses and Research studies.

Few Points:

·         Degree courses like Architecture, Arts & Design, Business Administration, Chemistry, Computer, Economics, Engineering, Ecology, Geography, Soil Science, Health and Hygiene, Linguistics, Law, Mathematics, Statistics, Cinema, Music, Social Science and Physical Science are provided.

·         Post Graduate studies are designed in a novel way. The University has a close relationship with marketing institution and Industries. Hence, the chance of getting a job for the students is bright.

·         It provides basic studies for English and wide ranging research studies apart from these studies.

·         Totally 22,250 students’ study here.

·         Informations on courses offered and Admission procedures can be obtained from its website.

·         We should first choose, the University, the course and the subjects to study.

·         The students willing to study in Britain should apply and pass in the test like IELTS, TOFEL and GMAT.

·         Prepare the write-ups and recommendation letters for admission eligibility.

·         Submitting to the University with the necessity copy of certificates and the application.

·         Applying for Visa with the admission letter from the concern University.

Important Informations for Airmen jobs at the Airforce

Different levels of exam are conducted regarding this. Information on Job opportunities for Airmen is released on daily newspapers and the weekly employment news.

It is essential go directly on the specified date in the advertisement and take part. Must take the original certificates when taking part like this. This will be verified.

Next, a written examination is conducted. For Group-X, a technical airmen position questions from English, Physics and Mathematics will be asked.

For Group-Y Airmen position questions from General Knowledge, English and Reasoning will be asked. For Group-Y Medical Assistant position questions from English, Chemistry and Biology will be asked. These will be objective questions. For educational trainers and Music division. Questions to test their skills in the mentioned field will be asked.

A physical fitness test will be conducted to those who have passed the written exams. It is a must to pass this fitness test. 1.6 kms run within 6 to 8 minutes is part of it.

A direct interview is conducted for those who have passed the written exam and physical fitness tests. It is essential to pass a medical examination for the persons selected in the interview.

In Group-X division for technical Airmen post it is essential to obtain 50% marks. Apart from studying Physics, Mathematics and English or must have obtained a diploma in Mechanical / Electrical / Electronics / Automobile / Computer Science / Instrumentation Technology and IT. Should be between the age of 17 to 22.

In any one of the courses like B.E, B.Com, B.Sc and a B.Ed degree a minimum of 50% marks should be obtained.  Otherwise, should obtain a qualification in B.Ed and have two years of teaching experience along with a degree in M.Sc, Maths/ Physics/ Computer Science or M.A English or M.C.A.  For the first division must be between 20 to 25 years and for the next division must be between 20 to 28 years of age. 

For group-Y and group-Z must posses’ skills in the related field.  For Y division must be between the age of 17 to 22 and for Z division must be between 17 to 35 years.  For these positions it is essential to have a height of 152.5 cms.  Must have a weight proportional to the height and the age. Must have a minimum chest expansion of 5 cms.  Should have good vision.

To register the application and to get complete details log on to http/indianairforce.nic.in.

IITs and IIMs to help the Government in Rural Employment Scheme

Besides the IITs and IIMs, many other universities and professional institutions have agreed to support the rural development ministry in implementing the Government's National Rural Employment Guarantee (NREG) scheme.

"The IITs may provide assistance for preparation of work manual and quality control guidelines for NREG. It will also provide technical inputs to improve the activities of NREG, besides helping create a model for work convergence with other government programmes," an official said.
 
"The IIT will also help in training and capacity building of NREG technical staff."

"The IIMs may help in development of tools for programme evaluation and monitoring, training and capacity building of programme officers and district programme coordinators. It may also help in the development of techniques and tools for convergence of agri-business and concurrent evaluation studies on NREG scheme," he said.

The 2006 Act provides enhancement of livelihood security to rural households by providing at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment in every financial year.

Earlier this month, Rural Development Minister held meetings with the heads of several universities, technological and management Institutes seeking their support for the implementation of NREG programmes.
"Case studies may be developed through joint collaboration of the institutions and NREG programme implementation agencies that may be used in teaching as well as training institutions," he said.

The educational institutions may encourage undergraduate and postgraduate students in different programmes to work as summer interns in the NREG scheme and earn a certificate at the end of their internship.

Various areas of technical collaboration with the institutes were identified. It included the agricultural universities' potential support in conducting studies on impact assessment on employment, migration, income, wages, agricultural productivity and soil moisture.

In April this year, the NREG scheme was extended to all 630 districts in the country with 21.1 million households being provided employment till June 2008, says a Govt sources release.

Cyber Forensic - Career Course

Cyber crimes have increased greatly in the recent days. Information related to this is preserved in the computers and submitted in the court during cross-examination. It is essential to be extremely cautious when gathering information related to cyber crimes. The gathered information needs to be precise. Teaching about this is Cyber Forensic.


Gathering information scientifically and protecting digitally are taught in Cyber Forensics. To help out the hearing of cases related to this, it is essential to have studied Cyber Forensics.


M.Sc Cyber Forensics and Information Security are taught in Madras University. The need for Cyber Forensics is felt as lot of untoward incidents can occur by modifying the digital information. Therefore, those who study Cyber Forensics will definitely get a job.

www.kalvimalar.com - review

'Dinamalar', a leading national Tamil daily – dedicated to revolutionize in Indian Education System, brings out its insights, exclusive write-ups through its extension, Kalvimalar.

Benefiting students and eager parents, Kalvimalar brings out special stories, articles and educational write-ups in print every Monday as a supplementary along with Dinamalar daily.

With sole intention of making all the valuable educational information coming on the print to be made available for enthusiastic students, Dinamalar envisaged to initiate the website kalvimalar.com, both in English and Tamil.

It covers interviews, question and answer, career tips and many more related to education. Details and coverage of Dinamalar educational events like Jaithukattuvom, Vazhikatti and Gateway B-Schools are also made available for users across the nation and globe. 

Kalvimalar.com shapes students career, providing complete information about Indian Institutes, Foreign Education, Colleges and Universities offering Diploma, Graduation, Post-graduation careers in Management, Medical, Engineering, Arts & Science, etc…. making it the most comprehensive portal on Indian Education. This portal is a one-stop destination for anyone seeking information on Education.

It facilitates students to update information about education news, events, careers etc. It carries volumes of interaction, queries with nation's leading scholar Dr.Abdul Kalam giving better insight for students. The portal furnishes information and details on education loans, Govt. quotas etc to assist students to study further.

Students, parents and educationists have rendered their valuable appreciations motivating us to take new initiatives and go an extra mile. Thousands thank us and recognize this wonderful service for the cause educating individuals.

Features of kalvimalar.com 

• Education News: Latest educational news from the, state, country and across the globe is brought out through this inimitable portal. 
• Admission & Exam alerts: On notification, education admission notice and exam alerts are flashed to the students.
• Articles:   Important articles related to education and personality development are available on this portal helping students in various spheres.
• Educationist: Leading eminent educationists, Vice Chancellors, Education Consultants and principals of schools have contributed essential articles to help students.
• Exam Results: Networking with several Universities across the state, Kalvimalar.com carries examination results for easy access of students.
• Large number of students check their exam results through this exclusive education portal.
• Universities: Details of universities and colleges in India are available on this portal. Several information like the infrastructure, courses, contact details including weblinks, phone numbers are listed in this category.
• Colleges: With the click, in this section displays details of colleges found in southern states.   Colleges are listed under Medical/Engineering/Arts and Science /Law /Veterinary /Agriculture/ Education.
• Medical colleges are categorized into Medicine/ Dental/ Pharmacy/ Physiotherapy/ Siddha/ Homeopathy/ Nursing.
• B-Schools: All important B-Schools and IIMs are listed with addresses and weblinks.
• Courses: With description of each course, they are listed under categories of Certificate courses, Diploma courses and Degree courses. 
• Career Courses: Provided separately, information like nature of work after completion of courses,  probable salary and advantages of the respective courses are given.
• Education Loan: Facilitating students towards Higher Education, details of loan amount, interest rate, repayment procedure, documents required etc. offered by various leading nationalized Bank with their Web links are available in this segment.
• Scholarships: Information of Govt. and Private organizations providing scholarship for students studying in India or abroad are furnished for assistance.
• Education Concession: Details of State and central Govt. fund to the students belonging to various backgrounds are documented.
• Foreign Studies: Popular overseas education institutions are posted with description of the education system, VISA procedures, consulate addresses and institutions weblinks.
• Classifieds: Facilitating to get education related jobs, this portal carries latest jobs in the offering by several leading educational institutions in this section.
• Polytechnics: Polytechnic colleges are also listed in three categories : Government/ Govt.Aided/ Self Financed.
• Distance education: Details of various distance education institutions functional in the country are provided with Courses, Address, Contact numbers and weblink.
• IIT / NIT: IITs and NITs with details of courses, Fees, E-Mail ID etc are on the easy access to everyone.
• Download: Students can download application forms of various colleges and universities of Tamil Nadu.
• Other Useful Features: NAAC Rating/ Media Ranking/ Books and CD's/ Thirukural/ News Letter/ Educational Qualification / College Comparison / Education related councils are also other significant features of this valuable educational website.

Graduate Management Admission Test - GMAT

The Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) is a standardized exam that tests the mathematical, verbal and analytical skills developed over a period of time. Owned by GMAT, this test is developed by ACT and administered by Pearson VUE in test centers across the globe throughout the year. GMAT scores are accepted by around 2000 B-schools al over the world.

The Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) is a standardised tests that you need to take to apply to a B-School in the US and to al lot of other premier management institutes across the world. It is a computer adaptive test, meaning that the difficulty level of the test would keep changing according to the answers you mark. Each multiple –choice section of the exam will begin with a question of a medium level of difficulty. With each question that you answer correctly, you will move on to a question of higher difficulty and vice-versa; every incorrect answer will take you to a question that is easier than the previous one. In other words, the GMAT adjusts to your individual ability level and therefore the GMAT score can be taken as in accurate measure of your analytical, mathematical and verbal skills developed over a period of time.


Test Duration and Structure


The GMAT goes on for almost four hours and is divided in three sections. It begins with the Analytical Writing Assessment (AWA) section, which consists of two 30-minute analytical writing tasks: Analysis of an Issue and Analysis of an Argument. The Analysis of an Isssue task requires you to analyse a debatable topic and develop a cogent essay putting forth your viewpoint on the topic and substantiating it with relevant details/ examples drawn from your experience, observations and reading. On the other hand, the Analysis of an Argument task requires you to analyse the logic of an argument given to you and then write a critique of that particular argument. The topics for both tasks are selected form an existing pool of issues and arguments(visit the official GMAT website www.mba.com for the updated lists of issue and arguments).

The AWA section is followed by a 5-minute optional break and then comes the Quantitative Section of the exam. This 75-minute section has 37 multiple-choice questions on arithmetic, algebra and commonly known concepts of geometry. This section measures a test taker’s concepts and his/her ability to reason quantitatively, solve quantitative problems and interpret graphs. The section has two types of multiple –choices questions: Problem Solving (PS) and Data Sufficiency (DS). While PS questions are just math problems with five answer options and test the almost direct application of the math concepts you already know, each DS two question consists of a question and two statements. You are asked to determine whether the data in the statements is sufficient to answer the question. You can except an almost equal distribution of these tow question types on the GMAT Quantitative section. At the end of this section, you will be given an optional 5-minute break and then begins the Verbal section.

The Verbal section consists of 41 questions to be answered in 75 minutes. This section measures ability to understand written material, to evaluate arguments and to correct written material to conform to standard written American English. The section has three types of multi-choice questions: Reading Comprehension, Critical Reasoning and Sentences Correction. The Reading Comprehension (RC) passages are about 300 to 500 words in length and are based on business, social science and science. The passages are followed by interpretive, applied and inferential questions based on what is stated or implied in the given passage. No prior knowledge of any subject is required to crack GMAT RCs. The Critical Reasoning (CR) questions measure the reasoning skills involved in making arguments, evaluating arguments and formulating or evaluating a plan of action. Again, CR questions are based on material on a variety of subjects but no familiarity with any specific subject matter is required to do well on these questions. The Sentence Correction (SC) questions on the GMAT are perhaps the easiest questions. These questions require the test  taker to select an answer option that is grammatically and structurally correct and is the most effective way to express a given idea. Bear in mind that the GMAT expects you to conform to standard written American English.

Scores:

The total GMAT score ranges from 200 to 800. You are given an additional score out of 6 for the AWA section. Along with these scores, you receive a scaled score (between 0 and 60) for each multiple-choice section, i.e. the Quantitative and the Verbal sections. You will also be given percentiles for each of the three sections and the total score.

You can request your GMAT scores to be sent to five management programmes at no additional cost at the beginning of your exam. If you wish to send your scores to more than five programmes or after the GMAT exam, you can do by paying an additional fee of $28 for each score report and filling in an Additional Score Report form. The form is available online. You can also requests ASRs by phone. Note that though you GMAT score would be valid for five years, most B-schools do not accept scores older than two years.

Test Registration

The GMAT test costs $250. If you have a credit card, the best way to register or the GMAT is online (at www.mba.com) or by phone (+91 (0) 120 439 7830). You can also register by mail or by fax by filing in the registration form given in the GMAT Bulletin and sending along a DD or Money Order in favor of “Person Vue” (this is the address of the cheque).

The GMAT is conducted in most major cities of the world. So before registering for the test, check the seat availability at a test center location most favourable to you. You can do so by using the ‘Check Seat Availability’ function on the website

For further details on the GMAT visit www.mba.com.

TEST FORMAT
Section	Question Type	No. of Questions	Duration
Analytical Writing Assessment	Analysis of an Issue Analysis of an Argument	1	30 mins
Optional Break (5 mins)
Quantitative	Total Problem Solving Data Sufficiency	37 19 (approx.) 19 (approx.)	75 mins. - -
Optional Break (5 mins)
Verbal	Total Critical Reasoning Reading Comprehension Sentence Correction	41 13-14 (approx.) 12-13 (approx.) 15-16 (approx.)	75 mins - - -

Master of Theology (M.Th)

(2 Years Course)

Eligibility
Graduation in any one of the following :- Theology,Divinity,Religious Education

Age Limit: 21

Description:

The purpose of the Master of Theology course is to increase the student's knowledge of a major field of theological learning, particularly through training and practice in the use of the methods and tools of theological research, and thus to further his preparation for a pastoral ministry, or for his or her teaching ministry, or for more advanced graduate study. The following majors are offered: Old Testament, New Testament, Church History, Systematic Theology, and Apologetics.

FEATURES

1. Bible-based and theologically sound teaching
2. Spiritual empowerment and personalized discipleship
3. Academic excellence with ministerial perspectives

The primary purpose for the School of Theology is to offer both the undergraduate and graduate theological curriculam to equip students for Christian ministry as ordained ministers, evangelists, Christian education teachers, missionary workers, and youth ministers.

Its secondary purpose is to encourage people to develop Christian commitment and integrity. Students will be exposed to a nucleus of courses that will equip them with appropriate professional knowledge and skills essential for their chosen field of service and activity.

Master of Fine Arts (M.F.A)

Eligibility
Graduation of Fine arts

Age Limit:21

Description:

Fine Arts education is usually divided into three branches: Drawing,Painting and Sculpture

For success in this discipline, you need to have an inherent aptitude for fine arts, originality, creativity, keen observation, power of visualisation, appreciation of colours, lines, forms, proportions and an idea of the impact of colour combinations; they should also have drawing skills, patience, persistence, imagination, knowledge of the various media and a knack for maintaining good public relations. In this age of technology, knowledge of photography and ability to use computers will give an added advantage.

Professional courses in fine arts cover subject areas such as history of arts, aesthetics, visual culture, basic skills, study of the human figure, different materials (crayons, charcoal, water colour, oil, pencil, textiles, plastics, clay, terracotta ceramics, metals, wood, stones, Plaster of Paris, etc.) and their applications, photography, lithography, computer graphics, casting, print making and diverse media. The courses effectively integrate theory and practical skills.

Features:

The standard academic course in the subject is BFA (Bachelor of Fine Arts), a four-year programme in many universities. Those who have passed the Plus Two examination and are blessed with an aptitude for arts can apply. They will have to prove their aptitude in an entrance test and probably at an interview, where they will be given an opportunity to show their amateur works of art.

The first year of the programme is usually a foundation course common for the three branches; it comprises basic training in drawing, design, colour, perspective and clay-modelling. From the second year onwards, the students get an opportunity to specialise in any one branch.

Some colleges provide facilities for a two-year MFA (Master of Fine Arts) programme as well. There are opportunities for further specialisation at this level.
The Drawing and Painting course lays emphasis on technical skills needed to express the artist's thoughts and emotions using different methods and materials. Familiarisation with traditional and contemporary styles and materials is also an integral part of the curriculum.

Courses Offered in Master of Fine Arts (M.F.A)


M.F.A - Dance
Master of Fine Arts (M.F.A) (2 Years Course)

Age Limit:21
Description:

Dance is also used to describe methods of non-verbal communication (see body language) between humans or animals (bee dance, patterns of behaviour such as a mating dance), motion in inanimate objects (the leaves danced in the wind), and certain musical forms or genres.

Definitions of what constitutes dance are dependent on social, cultural, aesthetic, artistic and moral constraints and range from functional movement (such as Folk dance) to virtuoso techniques such as ballet. In sports, gymnastics, figure skating and synchronized swimming are dance disciplines while Martial arts 'kata' are often compared to dances.

Dance can be directly participatory, social or performed for an audience. It can also be ceremonial, competitive or erotic. Dance movements may be without significance in themselves, such as in ballet or European folk dance, or have a gestural vocabulary/symbolic system as in many Asian dances. Dance can embody or express ideas, emotions or tell a story.

Choreography is the art of creating dances, and the person who does this is called a choreographer.


M.F.A - Music
Master of Fine Arts (M.F.A)
(2 Years Course)

Age Limit: 21

Description:

Music is an art form that involves organised sounds and silence. It is expressed in terms of pitch (which includes melody and harmony), rhythm (which includes tempo and meter), and the quality of sound (which includes timbre, articulation, dynamics, and texture). Music may also involve generative forms in time through the construction of patterns and combinations of natural stimuli, principally sound. Music may be used for artistic or aesthetic, communicative, entertaining, ceremonial or religious purposes. The definition of what constitutes music varies according to culture and social context, with varied interpretations of the term being accepted under sub-genres of the art. Within "the arts", music can be classified as a performing art, a fine art, or an auditory art form.


M.F.A - Drama
Master of Fine Arts (M.F.A)
(2 Years Course)

Age Limit: 21

Description:

Dramas can be performed in various media: live performance, radio, film, and-or television. "Closet dramas" are works written in the same form as plays (with dialogue, scenes, and "stage directions"), but meant to be read rather than staged; examples include the plays of Seneca, Manfred by Byron, and Prometheus Unbound by Percy Bysshe Shelley. Other dramatic literature may not resemble plays at all, such as the Imaginary Conversations of Walter Savage Landor. Drama is also often combined with music and dance, such as in opera which is sung throughout, musicals which include spoken dialog and songs, or plays that have musical accompaniment, such as the Japanese Noh drama.

Improvisational drama, a form of improvisational theatre, is drama that has no set script, in which the performers take their cues from one another and the situations (sometimes established in advance) in which their characters find themselves to create their own dialogue as they perform. Improvisational drama is made up on the spot using whatever space, costumes or props are available.

Master of Computer Application (MCA)

Duration : 3 Years Course

Eligibility
Should have passed any recognized Bachelors degree of minimum 3 years durations in any discipline with Maths at 10+2 school level (or) should have passed any recognized Bachelors degree of minimum 3 years duration in any discipline with Maths as one of the subjects.

Age Limit: 21

Description
In this course theoretical and practical aspects of computer technology and computer usage are covered. The curriculum covers topics on networking, information system, computer systems architecture, multimedia systems, web-based service, E-commerce etc., Master of Computer Applications Degree is the gateway to bright careers in the Software Industry.

In this information era, computer and its application play a vital role in the development of technology. At the end of the course the graduate acquires skills in business applications including, functions involving marketing, production, distribution logistics, accounts and finance and human resources development.

Features
The broad objective of the MCA programme is to prepare graduate students for productive careers in software industry and academia by providing an outstanding environment for teaching and research in the core and emerging areas of the discipline. The programme's thrust is on giving the students a thorough and sound background in theoretical and application-oriented courses relevant to the latest computer software development. The programme emphasizes the application of software technology to solve mathematical, computing, communications / networking and commercial problems

MCA (Master of Computer Applications) is a 3-year postgraduate program in computers (some institutes have 2 year programs). It is also called PGDCA or PGDIT. They all refer to the same postgraduate program, MCA. It can be either a degree or diploma. MCAs generally are concerned with the SOFTWARE field. A great career for those having a mathematical or analytical mindset.

Master of Arts in Teaching (A.M.T)

Duration
2 Years Course

Eligibility
B.Th.or B.Ed : 3 years for 10+2 passed or equivalent or 4 years for HSLC candidates.

Description
The teacher imparts knowledge and helps to develop the skills and personality of the student. The teacher has to acquire the specialized training according to the level class being taught. The education system is divided into levels :preschool, nursery school ,primary school ,secondary school, higher education, intermediate/college/ university. Pre-school nursery training is also called as Montessori training.

Special education teacher
the special education teacher is specially trained to teach children with physical and mental debilities. The task of these teachers is to adopt to the need of the student individually and provide accordingly. they have to be ingenious ,innovative and unflagging in spirit. The work is extremely challenging and Physically and emotionally taxing. Progress may be some time very tardy and negligible but the teacher should possess the tenacity and grit to plod on.

The profession
These teachers are involved in imparting class-room education as well as training in day to day activities including eating, playing, and toilet training. They trace children at the elementary, middle, secondary school level as well as work with infants and toddlers. Their aim is to make the child as independent as possible by teaching him functional skills for daily living. It is crucial for the teacher to establish clear communication link with the parents and siblings of the disabled child. Also the teacher should interact closely with the therapist of the child in order to be able to achieve consummate development of the child overall personality.

Features
The special education teacher can find employment in special education schools, conselling centers and in government bodies.

Master of Agriculture - M.Sc., Agri

Eligibility

Must have completed their Under-graduation in Agriculture relevant disciplines and secured on OGPA of 7.00 out of 10.00 or 60% marks or equivalent at the graduation level in respective discipline. Those coming with graduation in Science will have to take one year courses in Agriculture for M.Sc.(A.) programmes.

Age Limit: 21

Description:
Agriculture science today offers diverse areas of study such as relationships between organisms and their environments, soil and water, structures and the environment, genetics and plant breeding, seeds and quality of crops, or plant diseases and microorganisms. To succeed in this field, you need innovation and precision.

Requirements
To make an indelible mark as an agricultural scientist, you need an inquisitive and explorative mind, interest in biological sciences and in agriculture, good memory and excellent ability to understand, assimilate, analyse and apply scientific facts and theories.

You have to be at least a B.Sc. in agricultural science to get a job. To be eligible to take up the course, you will have to clear an entrance examination, which includes papers in biology, chemistry and physics, after your HSC. You can do post-graduation and obtain M.Sc. in agriculture and then get into research. A Ph.D. will ensure a very good career as an agricultural scientist.

Features:
An agricultural scientist can find opportunities in central and state government departments and agencies, agro process-based industries like crop processing plants, seed producing companies, dairy and food processing industries, agricultural finance corporation and banks, voluntary organisations working in the agricultural sector, agricultural research organisations and agricultural universities

You can also work in industries that are into vegetable and crop production, processing farms, food freezing and storage plants, poultry farms, grain mills, semi-processed, fully processed food plants, etc. Besides all these, you can actually take up farming in a scientific way and get into processing and marketing of agriculture produce.

Government agencies like the Food Corporation of India and various central and state government departments and directorates employ agricultural scientists. Recruitments are made by the Union Public Service Commission and State Public Service Commissions.

Some of the job positions are agricultural extension officers, seed production officers, agricultural assistants, plant protection officer, soil conservation officer, farm superintendents or technical assistants.

Courses Offered in Master of Agriculture (M.Sc(Agri))
Agriculture, Horticulture, Environmental Science and Technology Master of Agriculture, Business Management

Master of Social Work (M.S.W) (2 Years Course)

Eligibility: Any Bachelor Degree

Age Limit : 21

Description : The MSW is a pre-professional degree that prepares you to practice social work.

All accredited MSW programs require at least 900 hours of supervised field work in established agencies. Following foundation coursework in the first year, regular MSW students usually choose between direct work with individuals, families, and groups or organizing, managing, planning and policy analysis work with social agencies. Students are also required to specialize in a problem area, such as mental health, employee assistance, aging, health care, corrections, and child welfare.

Masters of social work programs can vary a lot in emphasis. Many allow students to specialize in methodology, public policy, work with different populations, etc. Some schools seek to prepare professionals for private practice in psychotherapy, others for work in public and non-profit social service agencies, and others for engaging in social planning and social change. (Needless to say, you should be very careful to choose a program that is compatible with your career goals.) A few schools also allow students to seek joint degrees such as the joint MSW/JD, or joint MSW with another masters degree in a health-related profession.

Dr.B.R. Ambedkar Open University (BRAOU)

Dr.B.R. Ambedkar Open University (BRAOU), formerly known as Andhra Pradesh Open University, is located in the city of Hyderabad. With a wide network of 200 study centers spread throughout the state of Andhra Pradesh


Under - Graduate Programmes (3 Years)
Bachelor of Arts
Bachelor of Commerce
Bachelor of Sciences
Bachelor of Library & Information Science
Bachelor of Public Relations
Bachelor of Hotel Management

Post - Graduate Programmes (2 Years)
M.A - English
M.A - Economics
M.A - History
M.A - Political Science
M.A - Public Administration
M.Com - Commerce
M.Sc - Mathematics & Applied Maths
M.Sc - Chemistry
M.Sc - Botany
M.Sc - Environmental Science
M.Sc - Physics
M.Sc - Zoology

Research Programmes
Ph.D in Development Studies
M.Phil. in Development Studies

Diploma Programmes
PGDMM - Post Graduate Diploma in Marketing Management
PGDBF - Post Graduate Diploma in Business Finance
PGDES - Post Graduate Diploma in Environmental Science
PGDWMM - Post Graduate Diploma in Writing for Mass Media
PGDHR - Post Graduate Diploma in Human Rights
PGDWS - Post Graduate Diploma in Women Studies

Certificate Programmes
Food and Nutrition (CPFN)
English Communication

Professional Programmes
Business Administration
Library & Information Science

Contact Address
Dr. Ambedkar Open University,
Prof. G. Ram Reddy Marg,
Road No. 46 Jubilee Hills,
Hyderabad - 500 033. A.P.

Phone : 040 23680000
Fax : 040 23544830
Website : www.braou.ac.in

How to make my child study

If your child comes home from school complaining that he doesn't understand a particular lesson, you may need to offer a few pointers. But there is a fine line between a parent who jumps-in and takes control of the entire learning assignment and one who remains on the sidelines but offers encouragement, guidance, or support.

1. Discuss the lesson with your child. Ask him or her to explain what needs to be done. Then ask which parts are not clear. If necessary, read over the instructions and paraphrase them to your son or daughter. Then try to answer any questions that still remain about what needs to be done. It is always a good idea to let kids do as much on their own as possible, because that prepares them for real-life situations when similar uncertainties will arise, sometimes while working on a deadline.

2. Stay close by but uninvolved. Your presence alone may reassure a child that you are available if needed. But it also may encouragement him or her to work alone to show that he can master the material or she is independent enough to figure out the guidelines for herself. Look in on your child periodically to be sure that he stays focused or doesn't get distracted. Adjust lighting as the evening wears on and perhaps consider offering a healthy snack that won't interfere with dinner.

3. Help with major study projects. For example, you can work with your son to learn basic math facts or your daughter's preparation for the spelling bee. Help her pick out supplies for an upcoming art project or guide him through instructions for a science experiment. But provide plenty of time and space for your kids to remain responsible for their own work.

4. Assist with organizational tasks. Scheduling study time, arranging social plans around homework activities, and providing quiet home space for things to get done teaches a child how to make these decisions in conjunction with a long-term commitment like homework. Kids need to realize at an early age that homework just doesn't get done automatically. They need to collect supplies, understand the guidelines, and make time to do the work. Parents can help to facilitate these coordinating tasks without taking charge of the entire process.

5. Don't let them give up or take shortcuts. When your child begs to watch another half-hour of television or keep playing outside instead of doing homework, you have to be firm in teaching him to balance playtime with homework. While some outside play is a good idea to promote exposure to fresh air and exercise, it is also important to instill respect for completing homework accurately and on time. Likewise, don't allow your children to cheat by copying another student's homework or looking up answers on the Internet that they are supposed to learn for themselves. Remember to set a good example in your own life, as well.

Homework may not seem like a big deal to many adults, but completing these frequent school-related tasks is a major step toward maturity for young students. Become your child's supporter and guide as she learns how to handle this task effectively.